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Using Static LocatorsĪfter studying the AUT and development conventions, if you are certain that all locators for an element are static, then use them.
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A wrong approach may lead to wasting tremendous time and effort to update and maintain test cases. However, if the AUT is large and its life cycle is long, including the maintenance phase, you have to think about the locator strategy seriously. There is no need to find a better approach for this type of project. If the AUT life cycle is too short and the content is static, the absolute XPath, which can be copied from the browser, is sufficient. You instead locate the element using XPath functions. Furthermore, it is unnecessary to locate an element by its static locator if it has parents, children, or siblings that can be located by static locators. If the team has the conventions of using all elements with static IDs, static names, for example, then these static properties can be used as primary locators. The development team’s conventions should also be taken into account. In this case, you should use Class, Name, or Text properties instead. Therefore, if your AUT is developed using these technologies, you can expect that IDs are dynamic and that they should not be used as the main selectors. For example, ExtJs or Angular frameworks regularly create dynamic element IDs by default. Different Web technologies have different default settings when rendering elements on a web page. However, there is a problem if it is generated dynamically at runtime. ID is generally suggested as the best locator in Web UI testing because it is simple and unique on a web page. The answers to these questions will help you decide which locator value is static or dynamic.
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The selection strategy can be influenced by these factors: Web application frameworks, development conventions, software life cycles, and the experience of automation leaders. Web element locators depend entirely on the implementation process, so there is no one-size-fits-all approach for every Web applications. When it comes to automated testing of Web applications, choosing a suitable strategy is essential. In Web test automation, locator is the only way to identify an element on a Web page when running test scripts.
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